Anarcho-Primitivism on the 12 Axes

Anarcho-primitivism took shape in the 1980s and 1990s, mainly in the United States, through writers such as John Zerzan, Fredy Perlman and the journal Fifth Estate. Drawing on the anthropology of hunter-gatherer societies, they argue that hierarchy, private property, patriarchy and the state began with the agricultural revolution, and that industrial technology deepens alienation and ecological destruction. Their aim is rewilding: dismantling mass society and living in small bands close to nature. Primitivists reject not only capitalism and the state but also the division of labor and, for many, symbolic culture such as numbers and writing. This separates them sharply from eco-socialism, which plans a greener industry, and from anarcho-communism and anarcho-syndicalism, which want workers to take over modern production rather than leave it behind.

• Anarcho-Mutualism 72%Anarcho-mutualism, founded by Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, seeks a stateless market society of self-employed producers and cooperatives, linked by fair exchange, ownership by use and mutual banks offering cheap credit.
• Religious Anarchism 70%Religious anarchism holds that faith itself calls believers to reject the state, violence and coercion, and to live in voluntary communities of sharing and mutual care.
• Libertarian Socialism 62%Libertarian socialism is a broad family of ideas that combines social ownership of the economy with radical democracy and personal freedom, rejecting both capitalism and authoritarian state socialism.
• Market Socialism 60%Market socialism keeps markets to set prices and allocate goods, but places firms under social or worker ownership so that profits are shared instead of going to private investors.