Indigenism on the 12 Axes

In Latin America the term first named early twentieth-century state policies linked to Manuel Gamio in Mexico, the Peruvian José Carlos Mariátegui and the 1940 Inter-American Indigenist Congress in Pátzcuaro, which sought to integrate native peoples into the nation. Indigenous leaders later criticized that approach as assimilation and built their own movements, from Bolivian Katarism to Ecuador's CONAIE (1986). Their demands advanced in ILO Convention 169 (1989), the 2007 UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples and Bolivia's 2009 constitution, adopted under Evo Morales, which created a Plurinational State. Ideas such as buen vivir and the rights of nature link it to environmental politics. Compared with Zapatismo, it also works through elections and the state. Compared with eco-socialism, it centers peoples rather than class.

• Christian Socialism 73%Christian socialism holds that the Gospel's call to serve the poor requires a more equal economy, with strong public services, workers' rights, cooperatives and limits on private wealth.
• Zapatismo 71%Zapatismo is the political movement of the EZLN in Chiapas, Mexico, which builds indigenous self-government and anticapitalist autonomy from below without seeking to take state power.
• Religious Anarchism 70%Religious anarchism holds that faith itself calls believers to reject the state, violence and coercion, and to live in voluntary communities of sharing and mutual care.
• Eco-Socialism 68%Eco-socialism holds that capitalism's drive for endless growth is destroying the planet, and calls for social ownership and democratic planning to bring production within ecological limits.