Developmentalism on the 12 Axes

The doctrine took shape at the UN Economic Commission for Latin America (CEPAL), founded in 1948, where Raúl Prebisch argued that the terms of trade worked against countries exporting raw materials to the industrial center. Celso Furtado developed the idea in Brazil. Juscelino Kubitschek promised fifty years of progress in five and built Brasília, Arturo Frondizi led desarrollismo in Argentina, and Brazil's military rulers later ran their own version. East Asian states such as South Korea took a similar, more export-driven path. Developmentalists back national steel, energy and car industries, development banks and long-term plans. Compared with Peronism, it is more technocratic and less built on unions and a leader. Compared with neoliberalism, it rejects free trade as a path to growth.

• Left-Wing Populism 78%Left-wing populism frames politics as a struggle between ordinary people and a wealthy elite, and calls for redistribution, public services and national control over the economy.
• Peronism 78%Peronism is the Argentine movement founded by Juan Domingo Perón on social justice, economic independence and political sovereignty, with strong unions, state-led industry and a Third Position between capitalism and communism.
• Centrism 75%Centrism is a political stance that sits between left and right, taking positions from both sides case by case and favoring compromise, moderation and gradual change.
• State Socialism 73%State socialism holds that the government should own the main industries and plan the economy, using a strong central state as the main tool for reaching social equality.